Haven't had exams in a long time.
I remember in uni, math was a set of steps to apply at a given problem: not math at all. Just rules.
I would trade a good grade for good understanding of the concept any time of the day, so don't be discouraged :)
[shameless plug]: my blog has some pretty cool stuff you can do with some very easy highschool math. I am trying to update it at least once a month, and more to come. [/shameless plug]
For practice, I had it decided that I was going to create an example a day. Lately I have been stomped with a project that is math intensive so I'm satisfied for the time being.
The cool stuff I left out are: Fourier Transforms, Numerical Integration (Verlet method, RungeKutta), Computational Geometry (Collision Detection), and procedural generation techniques (perlin noise, statistics, fractals, automata). Finally there are the AI methods (neural nets, fuzzy logic, structured methods, path finding...).
I am trying to sort out as much keywords as I can so that google can help you more than it does with the
math keyword.
Graphics programming uses matrix too so it isn't just any math.
Scalars, Vectors, and Matrices are THE subject of linear algebra. Multidimensional Calculus extends the study of those into the study of their rate of change. Discreet math does (ab)use matrices.
I have built up my experience on using the tools am familiar with by trying to simulate things. At other times, simulating how things would react to user input (which is more fun). I believe this is the best thing you can do to familiarize yourself with the vast foray of subjects. (Then you'll have to go studying programming and logic and design and architecture..)